Dưới đây là bộ từ vựng y khoa được sắp xếp từ U1 đến U15, mỗi nhóm bao gồm các thuật ngữ chuyên ngành cùng với định nghĩa chi tiết. Bộ từ vựng này bao gồm các từ liên quan đến các bộ phận cơ thể, hệ thống y tế, quá trình điều trị, dụng cụ và phương pháp y học, hỗ trợ học tập và nâng cao kiến thức y tế cơ bản cho sinh viên và chuyên viên y tế.
U1
Từ
Bài học
Định nghĩa
Cardiology
N-UNCOUNT-U1
Cardiology is the hospital department that specializes in the treatment of heart and heart diseases.
Dermatology
N-UNCOUNT-U1
Dermatology is the hospital department that specializes in the treatment of the skin and skin diseases.
Emergency
N-COUNT-U1
The emergency department is the hospital department where people with very serious or life-threatening injuries are treated.
Obstetrics
N-UNCOUNT-U1
Obstetrics is the hospital department that treats women and unborn children during pregnancy.
Orthopedics
N-UNCOUNT-U1
Orthopedics is the hospital department that specializes in the treatment of bones and muscles.
Pathology
N-UNCOUNT-U1
Pathology is the hospital department that tests samples taken from patients for diseases.
Pediatrics
N-UNCOUNT-U1
Pediatrics is the hospital department that specializes in the treatment of children.
Pharmacy
N-COUNT-U1
A pharmacy is a business or hospital department that provides medicine to people.
Radiology
N-UNCOUNT-U1
Radiology is the hospital department that takes X-rays of people and examines them.
Surgery
N-UNCOUNT-U1
Surgery is the hospital department where doctors perform operations on people.
U2
Từ
Bài học
Định nghĩa
Anesthesiologist
N-COUNT-U2
An anesthesiologist is a doctor who ensures that patients are unconscious or do not feel pain during surgery.
Cardiologist
N-COUNT-U2
A cardiologist is a doctor who takes care of patients with heart problems.
General practitioner
N-COUNT-U2
A general practitioner is a doctor who provides many kinds of care to adults and children.
Lab technician
N-COUNT-U2
A lab technician is a medical professional who works with samples in a laboratory.
Nurse
N-COUNT-U2
A nurse is a medical professional who helps a doctor and cares for patients.
Obstetrician
N-COUNT-U2
An obstetrician is a doctor who cares for pregnant women and their unborn children.
Pediatrician
N-COUNT-U2
A pediatrician is a doctor that takes care of children.
Pharmacist
N-COUNT-U2
A pharmacist is a doctor who fills prescriptions and gives medicine.
Radiologist
N-COUNT-U2
A radiologist is a doctor who takes X-rays and examines them.
Surgeon
N-COUNT-U2
A surgeon is a doctor who performs operations on people.
U3
Từ
Bài học
Định nghĩa
Bedpan
N-COUNT-U3
A bedpan is a pot used for relieving oneself when a person is not able to go to a bathroom.
Biohazard waste container
N-COUNT-U3
A biohazard waste container is a box for the storage and disposal of dangerous medical waste.
Gown
N-COUNT-U3
A gown is a long robe worn by a hospital patient.
Latex gloves
N-COUNT-U3
Latex gloves are disposable gloves used during a medical exam or procedure.
Oxygen tank
N-COUNT-U3
An oxygen tank is a metal cylinder that holds oxygen.
Pressure mattress
N-COUNT-U3
A pressure mattress is a special mattress designed to improve blood flow and comfort.
Sharps container
N-COUNT-U3
A sharps container is a box for the storing of used needles and other sharp medical instruments before disposal.
Syringe
N-COUNT-U3
A syringe is a device consisting of a needle, chamber, and piston, used for injecting liquids into the body.
Wheelchair
N-COUNT-U3
A wheelchair is a mobile chair with wheels used for moving a sick or disabled person.
U4
Từ
Bài học
Định nghĩa
Ankle
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An ankle is the joint between the foot and the lower leg.
Arm
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An arm is the long extension from the upper body between the shoulder and wrist.
Elbow
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An elbow is the joint between the upper and lower arm.
Finger
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A finger is one of the extensions from the hand.
Foot
N-COUNT-U4
A foot is the perpendicular extension at the end of the leg.
Hand
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A hand is the part of the arm below the wrist, to which fingers are attached.
Hip
N-COUNT-U4
A hip is the part of the upper leg that projects slightly outward.
Knee
N-COUNT-U4
A knee is the joint between the upper and lower leg.
Leg
N-COUNT-U4
A leg is the long extension from the lower body between the hip and foot.
Shoulder
N-COUNT-U4
A shoulder is the joint between the arm and the upper body.
Toe
N-COUNT-U4
A toe is one of the small extensions at the end of the foot.
Wrist
N-COUNT-U4
A wrist is the part of the forearm that attaches to the hand.
U5
Từ
Bài học
Định nghĩa
Abdomen
N-COUNT-U5
The abdomen is the part of the body that contains the digestive organs and is between the groin and the waist.
Back
N-COUNT-U5
The back is the part of the human body on the other side of the body to the torso between the pelvis and the neck.
Chest
N-COUNT-U5
The chest is the part of the human body enclosed by the sternum and ribs that lies above the abdomen and below the neck.
Groin
N-COUNT-U5
The groin is the place in the human body where the inner thigh and the lower abdomen meet.
Neck
N-COUNT-U5
The neck is the part of the body that joins the head to the torso.
Rib cage
N-COUNT-U5
The rib cage is a structure of bones in the torso that frames the chest.
Shoulder blade
N-COUNT-U5
A shoulder blade is one of the two upper back bones that lie outside the ribs and connect the back to the upper arm.
Small (of the back)
N-COUNT-U5
The small (of the back) is the lower portion of the back just above the hips.
Torso
N-COUNT-U5
The torso is the upper portion of the human body that extends from the neck to the pelvis.
Waist
N-COUNT-U5
The waist is the part of the human torso between the groin and the rib cage.
U6
Từ
Bài học
Định nghĩa
Cheek
N-COUNT-U6
A cheek is the fleshy part of either side of the face below the eye.
Ears
N-COUNT-U6
The ears are the organs on either side of the head that detect sound.
Eyebrows
N-COUNT-U6
The eyebrows are strips of hair that grow above the eyes.
Eyes
N-COUNT-U6
The eyes are the pair of spherical organs in the head that detect light and provide vision.
Face
N-COUNT-U6
The face is the front portion of the head from the chin to the forehead.
Forehead
N-COUNT-U6
The forehead is the portion of the face between the hairline and eyebrows.
Jaw
N-COUNT-U6
The jaw is either the upper or lower bony structure that holds the teeth and forms the framework of the mouth.
Lips
N-COUNT-U6
The lips are the two muscular folds that surround the mouth.
Nose
N-COUNT-U6
The nose is an organ that projects from the face that detects smell.
U7
Từ
Bài học
Định nghĩa
Alveoli
N-COUNT-U7
Alveoli are small sacs in the lungs at the endpoints of the respiratory system where oxygen enters and carbon dioxide leaves the bloodstream.
Asthma
N-UNCOUNT-U7
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath.
Breathe
V-I-U7
To breathe is to pass air into and out of the lungs for the purpose of absorbing oxygen into the bloodstream.
Bronchial tube
N-COUNT-U7
A bronchial tube is the main passage within the lung through which air passes from the trachea to the alveoli.
Emphysema
N-UNCOUNT-U7
Emphysema is a progressive respiratory disease that causes shortness of breath and involves damage to lung tissues.
Exhale
V-T-U7
To exhale is to breathe out or expel air from the lungs.
Inhale
V-T-U7
To inhale is to breathe in or take air into the lungs.
Lung
N-COUNT-U7
A lung is an organ located in the chest of the human body that introduces oxygen to the bloodstream.
Oxygen
N-UNCOUNT-U7
Oxygen is a naturally occurring element necessary for the functioning of the human body and absorbed into the bloodstream by the respiratory system.
Respiratory system
N-COUNT-U7
The respiratory system is the human body’s means of receiving oxygen through breathing. It includes the nose, mouth, and lungs.
U8
Từ
Bài học
Định nghĩa
Aorta
N-COUNT-U8
The aorta is the largest artery in the body. It connects directly to the heart.
Artery
N-COUNT-U8
An artery is a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart.
Atrium
N-COUNT-U8
An atrium is one of the two upper chambers of the heart, which receive blood from veins.
Capillary
N-COUNT-U8
A capillary is the smallest kind of blood vessel in the body, where the exchange of oxygen, water, and nutrients takes place.
Circulatory system
N-COUNT-U8
The circulatory system is the system responsible for carrying blood and oxygen throughout the body.
Heart
N-COUNT-U8
The heart is the organ which pumps blood throughout the body.
Pulmonary
ADJ-U8
If something is pulmonary, it has to do with the lungs, such as the pulmonary artery.
Valve
N-COUNT-U8
A valve is a flap in a bodily system that allows passage of material in one direction but prevents passage in the other direction.
Vein
N-COUNT-U8
A vein is a blood vessel that carries blood towards the heart.
Vena cava
N-COUNT-U8
The vena cava is one of the two largest veins in the body. It connects directly to the heart.
U9
Từ
Bài học
Định nghĩa
Appendicitis
N-UNCOUNT-U9
Appendicitis is a condition where the appendix, a small organ which is part of the digestive system, becomes irritated and inflamed.
Colon
N-COUNT-U9
The colon is another name for the large intestine, but is also known as the part of the digestive system which compacts unused food into feces.
Colonoscopy
N-COUNT-U9
A colonoscopy is a medical procedure which examines the inside of the colon.
Digestive system
N-COUNT-U9
The digestive system is a system of organs through which food passes, and which processes food, nutrients, and waste.
Esophagus
N-COUNT-U9
The esophagus is a muscular tube connecting the mouth at the pharynx to the cardiac end of the stomach.
Large intestine
N-COUNT-U9
The large intestine absorbs nutrients and vitamins not absorbed by the small intestine. It then compacts unused food into waste, or feces.
Small intestine
N-COUNT-U9
The small intestine is part of the digestive system through which food passes from the stomach and through which nutrients are absorbed.
Stomach
N-COUNT-U9
The stomach is a pouch-like organ between the esophagus and small intestine. This produces acid and enzymes to break down food.
Ulcer
N-COUNT-U9
An ulcer is a sore or abscess which forms in the stomach when the stomach’s mucus lining is too thin to keep the stomach’s acid from damaging it.
U10
Từ
Bài học
Định nghĩa
Bandage
N-COUNT-U10
A bandage is a strip of material used to protect an injury.
Burn
N-COUNT-U10
A burn is a physical injury that can be caused by extreme heat, cold, electricity, or dangerous chemicals.
CPR
N-UNCOUNT-U10
CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) is a first-aid procedure involving chest compression and artificial breathing, used when the heart stops.
First aid
N-UNCOUNT-U10
First aid is basic medical care given to an injury victim when other help is not available or necessary.
Laceration
N-COUNT-U10
A laceration is an open injury caused by a hard impact to soft body tissue.
Pressure
N-UNCOUNT-U10
Pressure is an amount of force applied to a certain area divided by the size of the area.
Pulse
N-COUNT-U10
A pulse is an impulse caused by a heartbeat, that can be felt when an artery is pressed.
Rescue breathing
N-UNCOUNT-U10
Rescue breathing is a first-aid procedure involving providing air for someone who has stopped breathing, but still has a heartbeat.
Shock
N-UNCOUNT-U10
Shock is a medical emergency in which the circulatory system cannot provide oxygen to the body.
Wound
N-COUNT-U10
A wound is an injury, such as a cut or burn, usually to the external body.
U11
Từ
Bài học
Định nghĩa
BP (Blood Pressure)
N-UNCOUNT-U11
BP (Blood Pressure) is the force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels. It is a vital sign of body function.
Dx (Diagnosis)
N-COUNT-U11
A Dx (Diagnosis) is the positive identification of a patient’s disease or ailment.
HR (Heart Rate)
N-UNCOUNT-U11
HR (Heart Rate) is the frequency with which a person’s heart beats in a given amount of time. Usually measured in beats per minute.
HTN (Hypertension)
N-UNCOUNT-U11
HTN (Hypertension) is having blood pressure that is higher than normal.
O/E (on examination)
ADV-U11
If something is found O/E (on examination), it was discovered during an exam.
SOB (Short of Breath)
N-UNCOUNT-U11
SOB (Short of Breath) is a condition where a patient has difficulty breathing.
T (Temperature)
N-UNCOUNT-U11
T (Temperature) is a quantitative measurement of heat within the body.
WNL (Within Normal Limits)
ADJ-U11
If a function is WNL (Within Normal Limits), it is operating in a normal range.
XR (X-ray)
N-COUNT-U11
XR (X-ray) is a visual image of all or part of the body acquired with special equipment using electromagnetic radiation.
U12
Từ
Bài học
Định nghĩa
Cubic centimeter (cc)
N-COUNT-U12
A cubic centimeter (cc) is a unit of volume equal to a cube whose sides are equal to one centimeter.
Drop (gtt)
N-COUNT-U12
A drop (gtt) is a unit of liquid volume equal to the amount of liquid which comes from a dropper, or about 1/12th of a milliliter.
Gram (g)
N-COUNT-U12
A gram (g) is a unit of mass which is equal to one-thousandth of a kilogram.
Microgram (mcg)
N-COUNT-U12
A microgram (mcg) is a unit of mass equal to one millionth of a gram.
Milliequivalent (mEq)
N-COUNT-U12
A milliequivalent (mEq) is 1/1000th the weight of the minor component of a chemical solution dissolved in the major component.
Milligram (mg)
N-COUNT-U12
A milligram (mg) is a unit of mass equal to one thousandth of a gram.
Milliliter (ml)
N-COUNT-U12
A milliliter (ml) is a unit of liquid volume equal to one thousandth of a liter and equal to one cubic centimeter.
Ounce (oz)
N-COUNT-U12
An ounce (oz) is a unit of weight equal to 1/16th of a pound.
Tablespoonful (Tbsp)
N-COUNT-U12
A tablespoonful (Tbsp) is a measure of volume equal to the amount a standard tablespoon can hold or about three teaspoons.
Teaspoonful (tsp)
N-COUNT-U12
A teaspoonful (tsp) is a measure of volume equal to the amount a standard teaspoon can hold, or almost five milliliters.
U13
Từ
Bài học
Định nghĩa
Administer
V-T-U13
To administer medicine is to give it to a patient.
Dosage
N-COUNT-U13
A dosage is the correct amount of medicine to give to a person at one time.
I.V. (Intravenous injection)
N-COUNT-U13
An I.V. (Intravenous injection) is a method of administering medicine into a vein using a syringe, often over a long period of time.
Intramuscular injection (IM)
N-COUNT-U13
An intramuscular injection is a medicine that is injected into a muscle with a syringe.
Route of administration
N-COUNT-U13
A route of administration is the path by which a medicine is taken into the body.
Subcutaneous (SQ)
ADJ-U13
If a medicine is subcutaneous, it is injected into the fatty layer under the skin with a syringe.
Sublingually (SL)
ADJ-13
If a medicine is taken sublingually, it is given beneath the tongue.
Topical
ADJ-U13
If a medicine is topical, it is applied to a certain part of the surface of the body.
U14
Từ
Bài học
Định nghĩa
Ac
ADV-U14
If a medication is given ac, it is before after meals.
BID
ADV-U14
If a medication is given BID, it is given twice per day.
Pc
ADV-U14
If a medication is given pc, it is given after meals.
PRN
ADV-U14
If a medication is given PRN, it is given as needed.
Qh
ADV-U14
If a medication is given qh, it is given every hour.
Qhs
ADV-U14
If a medication is given qhs, it is given at bedtime.
QID
ADV-U14
If a medication is given QID, it is given four times per day.
QOD
ADV-U14
If a medication is given QOD, it is given every other day.
Stat
ADV-U14
If a medication is given stat, it is given immediately.
TID
ADV-U14
If a medication is given TID, it is given three times per day.
U15
Từ
Bài học
Định nghĩa
Antibiotic
ADJ-U15
If something is antibiotic, it is used to kill or slow the growth of bacterial micro-organisms in the body.
Antimicrobial
ADJ-U15
If something is antimicrobial, it kills or prevents the growth of micro-organisms such as bacteria and fungus.
Bacteria
N-UNCOUNT-U15
Bacteria is any of a great number of single-celled micro-organisms that inhabit all areas of the earth including human bodies.
Biohazard
N-COUNT-U15
A biohazard is a biological substance that is potentially harmful to humans. Biohazards can include bacteria, viruses, and toxins.
Contagious
ADJ-U15
If a disease is contagious, it can spread easily from one person to another.
Disinfectant
N-COUNT-U15
A disinfectant is something used to clean surfaces by killing bacteria and other microorganisms.
Infection
N-COUNT-U15
An infection is the abnormal manifestation of parasitic microorganisms within an area of the body.
Quarantine
V-T-U15
To quarantine a person is to isolate him or her from contact with others in order to prevent the transmission of contagious diseases.
Transmit
V-T-U15
To transmit something is to transfer it from one place to another, such as transmitting a virus or other biohazard from one body to another.
Virus
N-COUNT-U15
A virus is a small infectious entity only capable of replicating within the cells of living organisms.
